The Role of Nursing in Managing the Psychological Impact of Chronic Illness on Patients and Families

Posted: Jun 11, 2013

• Skylar Mendoza
• Landon Becker
• Maddox Henry

Abstract

Chronic illness represents one of the most significant challenges in contemporary healthcare, affecting not only the physiological well-being of individuals but also generating profound psychological consequences for patients and their family systems. The psychological impact of conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders extends beyond the initial diagnosis, creating ongoing emotional distress that can significantly influence disease progression, treatment adherence, and overall quality of life. While medical interventions focus primarily on biological management, the psychological dimensions of chronic illness require specialized attention that often falls within the domain of nursing practice. This research examines the unique and evolving role of nursing professionals in addressing these psychological challenges through a novel theoretical framework that conceptualizes nursing interventions across multiple interconnected domains. The psychological burden of chronic illness manifests in various forms, including depression, anxiety, grief, identity disruption, and existential distress. Patients frequently experience a fundamental challenge to their self-concept as they navigate the transition from health to illness, while family members confront parallel adjustments in their roles, relationships, and future expectations. Traditional approaches to psychological support in chronic illness have often emphasized formal mental health referrals or pharmacological interventions, overlooking the continuous, relationship-based psychological care that nurses provide throughout the illness trajectory. This study addresses this gap by investigating how nursing care operates as an integrated psychological intervention system that responds to the dynamic emotional needs of patients and families. This research is grounded in the recognition that nurses occupy a unique position within healthcare teams, maintaining prolonged contact with patients and families during some of their most vulnerable moments.